Peer reviewed publications / Book Chapters / Posters Published papers The following are the papers published from the project to date: Evaluating the Internal Structure of Core−Shell Nanoparticles Using X-ray Photoelectron Intensities and Simulated Spectra; M. Chudzicki, W. S. M. Werner, A. G. Shard, Y.-C. Wang, D. G. Castner, and C. J. Powell; J. Phys. Chem. C, 119, (31), pp 17687–17696 (2016) A technique for calculation of shell thicknesses for core–shell–shell nanoparticles from XPS data; Cant, D. J. H., Wang, Y.-C., Castner, D. G., and Shard, A. G.; Surf. Interface Anal., 48, pp 271–279; DOI: 10.1002/sia.5923 (2016) Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards Interlaboratory Study on Measuring the Thickness and Chemistry of Nanoparticle Coatings Using XPS and LEIS; Natalie A. Belsey, David J. H. Cant, Caterina Minelli, Joyce R. Araujo, Bernd Bock, Philipp Brüner, David G. Castner, Giacomo Ceccone, Jonathan D. P. Counsell, Paul M. Dietrich, Mark H. Engelhard, Sarah Fearn, Carlos E. Galhardo, Henryk Kalbe, Jeong Won Kim, Luis Lartundo-Rojas, Henry S. Luftman, Tim S. Nunney, Johannes Pseiner, Emily F. Smith, Valentina Spampinato, Jacobus M. Sturm, Andrew G. Thomas, Jon P.W. Treacy, Lothar Veith, Michael Wagstaffe, Hai Wang, Meiling Wang, Yung-Chen Wang, Wolfgang Werner, Li Yang, and Alexander G. Shard; The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 120, pp 24070-24079; DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b06713 (2016) Peer reviewed publications 2018 Measuring the size and density of nanoparticles by centrifugal sedimentation and flotation. C Minelli, A Sikora, R Garcia-Diez, K Sparnacci, C Gollwitzer, M Krumrey, AG Shard. Analytical Methods 10 (15), 1725-1732 (2018) Multi-element analysis of single nanoparticles by ICP-MS using quadrupole and time-of-flight technologies Steffi Naasz, Stefan Weigel, Olga Borovinskaya, Andrius Serva, Claudia Cascio, Anna K. Undas, Felice C. Simeone, Hans J. P. Marvin and Ruud J. B. Peters. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2018. Comparisons of Analytical Approaches for Determining Shell Thicknesses of Core–Shell Nanoparticles by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. CJ Powell, WSM Werner, H Kalbe, AG Shard, DG Castner. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 122 (7), 4073-4082 (2018) Multimodal Cleavable Reporters vs Conventional Labels for Optical Quantification of Accessible Amino and Carboxy Groups on Nano- and Microparticles. M. Moser, N. Nirmalananthan, T. Behnke, D. Geißler, U. Resch-Genger. Analytical Chemistry 90 (9), 5887 (2018) Measuring the Relative Concentration of Particle Populations using Differential Centrifugal Sedimentation. AG Shard, K Sparnacci, A Sikora, L Wright, D Bartczak, H Goenaga-Infante, C Minelli. Analytical Methods, in press. Shell thickness determination for PTFE‐PS core‐shell nanoparticles using scanning transmission X‐ray microscopy (STXM) A. Müller, S. Swaraj, K. Sparnacci, W.E.S. Unger. Surface and Interface Analysis, 2018. 2017 Detection of suspended nanoparticles with near-ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. M Kjaervik, A Hermanns, P Dietrich, A Thissen, S Bahr, B Ritter, E Kemnitz, W Unger. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 29, 474002 (2017) 2016 A technique for calculation of shell thicknesses for core–shell–shell nanoparticles from XPS data. DJH Cant, YC Wang, DG Castner, AG Shard. Surface and Interface Analysis 48 (5), 274-282 (2016) Evaluation of Two Methods for Determining Shell Thicknesses of Core–Shell Nanoparticles by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. CJ Powell, WSM Werner, AG Shard, DG Castner. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 120 (39), 22730-22738 (2016) Versailles project on advanced materials and standards interlaboratory study on measuring the thickness and chemistry of nanoparticle coatings using XPS and LEIS. NA Belsey, DJH Cant, C Minelli, JR Araujo, B Bock, P Brüner, et al. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 120 (42), 24070-24079 (2016) Chemical measurements of polyethylene glycol shells on gold nanoparticles in the presence of aggregation. C Minelli, AG Shard. Biointerphases 11 (4), 04B306 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4968882 Book chapters Particle Number Size Distribution (Chapter: 4, Pages: 63-80) D Bartczak, H Goenaga‐Infante in “Nanomaterial Characterization: An Introduction”. Ed. R Tantra. Wiley. DOI:10.1002/9781118753460. ISBN: 9781118753590 Surface Chemistry (Chapter: 8, Pages: 153-178) NA Belsey, AG Shard, C Minelli in “Nanomaterial Characterization: An Introduction”. Ed. . Tantra. Wiley. DOI:10.1002/9781118753460. ISBN: 9781118753590 Posters Size and concentration of nanoparticles in suspensions: Comparison of laboratory methods to SAXS and spICPMS. Alexander Schavkan and Michael Krumrey